Angiogeoscopy: overview

Definition

Angiogeoscopy is the technique used in angiogeology to survey, locate and map (in 2D and 3D) saturated water flowing under a "sufficiently large" pressure gradient. The term "angiogeoscopy" is made up of :

• the radical angio - which means vessel - also used in the word angiogeology,
• the element - geo - to relate it to underground water vessels, geo must be integrated to the word to distinguish it from the term angioscopy (which is a technique of examination of blood-vessels),
• the suffix radioscopy which comes from the Greek “skopein”: to examine, to observe

Angiogeoscopy has replaced the more cumbersome angiogeological prospection terminology.

What can be expected from angiogeoscopy

Angiogeoscopy localizes and maps underground water flowing under a "high enough" pressure gradient. This include all underground water flowing through water vessels but exclude all water contained in natural underground reservoirs, aquifers and in the water table. Non saturated underground water flows (i.e. those having a free surface such as the underground rivers) or water percolating from the surface (which penetrates the ground without saturation) are not measurable by angiogeoscopy.

Angiogeoscopy surveys concentrate on the deepest water vessels, their origin and their end. More specifically on:

• water arteries produced from geothermal reservoirs (for geothermal power generation or for Balneotherapy purposes)
• water veins produced from deep and not contaminated aquifers (for mineral-water extraction), we are helped in this by localizing the water arteries entering the aquifers candidates for mineral water extraction.

The surveys and mapping of the underground water systems that we carried out enabled us to build a hydrodynamical model of underground water flows (we call it an angiogeometric model).

Anngiogeoscopy validates the model during experimental surveys while the model makes it possible to extract more information from survey data. Our research balances between experimenting our model and adjusting field data based the model output.

• Angiogeoscopy is precise. The technique used by ANGIOO make it possible to locate with the centimetre close projection as regards surface of the points of exurgence. The depth of those is given with an accuracy of 20 to 30 % (we anticipate an improvement of this precision).

• Angiogeoscopy is reliable. A point of located collecting = a point of productive and optimal collecting = only one exploratory drilling (whose finality is to measure precisely, the flow, the enthalpy, the depth, the chemical composition). The probability that the angiogeoscopy does not detect an existing layer in the perimeter of prospection is negligible.

• Angiogeoscopy is fast. ANGIOO typically carries out, in one week, the complete survey and the precise mapping of the collecting points on a surface as big as 10 square miles.

Angiogeoscopy is blind to underground water reservoirs. It can not determine their shape or their size. It solely detects their point(s) of outgoing flow and, except for the geothermal reservoirs, their feeding point(s). These points are actually all that is necessary to know because:

• only the flow matters, neither the capacity nor the shape of the water reservoir (see why angiogeology);
• the exurgence corresponds with the optimal collecting point (see Benefit n°3 of Angiogeology);
• the size of the water vessels (not that of the reservoirs from which they come) formed at the exurgence provides valuable information over the potential of the hydrogeological resource once fed into our model.

A comparison for better including philosophy of it

How the astronomers detect do black holes?

The black holes do not come out from their background (they are black on funds black) and emit a negligible and non detectable clean radiation (discovery, by Stephen Hawking, grace the reflection and not thanks to the measures taken). The astronomers locate black holes by the effect that those produce on their environment. This effect is, either gravitational, or radiative. In this latter case, relevant for our comparison, the stellar matters which enter their radius of influence are heated to million degrees and produce an intense X-radiation (which is not comparable to a clean radiation, but well with an induced radiation). It is this induced radiation which is detected by the telescopes with X-rays.

They are thus not the black holes themselves which are detected, but well the effect which they exert on their environment. Same logic applies to the detection of the geothermal reservoirs by angiogeoscopy.

The black holes are detected thanks to the X-rays produced by stellar absorption of matter.

The geothermal reservoirs are detected (by angiogeoscopy) by the effect produced by the efferent water flow via the water vessels.

Maturity of the technique

ANGIOO starts the phase of deployment β of its technique of angiogeoscopy. We thus seek a restricted group of prospective customers loans to be put to us at the challenge so that we can prove our concept and to create us references. We wanted this phase of our development stripped of risk for our prospective customers. We ask for any exclusiveness nor no preliminary remuneration, because we seek before very proving that our offer is unequalled. Conscious of the superiority of our technique and our approach, we do not want to be paid that with the result… better still… we want to be paid only for the best possible result (not just for a result that others would be able to equalize).

If you are interested to try out, without risk, the advantages this technique, do not hesitate to contact us.